Definition
Lake Huron is the second largest of the five Great Lakes by surface area and the fifth largest in the world by surface area. It boasts a maximum depth of 750 feet (229 m) which makes it the third largest of the Great Lakes – behind Lake Superior and Lake Michigan – while also being the deepest body of water of the five. Located in the province of Ontario and the state of Michigan, it is bordered to the north by the Huron National Forest and to the south by the cities of Saginaw, Bay City and Port Huron. The Lake Huron watershed covers 40,000 square miles and is home to numerous animal species.
Background
For many centuries, Lake Huron has been an integral part of the Great Lakes region, offering a wide range of economic activities, natural resources and historic sites. Native Americans lived around the lake’s shoreline and the lake has been used for transportation and commerce. In 1826, the lake’s north shore in Ontario was surveyed by the British Royal Navy, allowing for the first good coastal map of the lake. This map revealed its great depth which enhanced its navigational importance. St. Mary’s River which flows between Lake Huron and Lake Superior is the shortest route for ships travelling between the Atlantic Ocean and the western Great Lakes, allowing for easy transport of goods, services and supplies.
Statistics And Facts
Lake Huron boasts an impressive 22,400 square miles of surface area, making it the fourth largest of the Great Lakes. Its surface elevation reaches an impressive 577 feet above sea level and its mean depth is 195 feet. On the other hand, its maximum depth is 750 feet. This makes it the sixth deepest lake in the world, right behind Caspian Sea which is 906 feet deep. The massive volume of Lake Huron is 850 cu mi (3,540 km3) and it is estimated that it contains 3 quadrillion gallons of water.
Industrial Impact
With its deep sea port, Lake Huron is a major hub for shipping, which serves as a transportation hub for goods, services and supplies to the rest of the Great Lakes region. In addition, it plays a vital role in the agricultural, chemical and steel industries. The lake is also a great resource for fishing and the economy is driven by the commercial fishing of walleye, yellow perch, and smelt. The Ports of Sault Ste. Marie, Goderich, Thunder Bay, Owen Sound and Windsor are all linked to the lake.
Environmental Impact
Lake Huron’s environmental impact is noticeable due to several factors such as its high level of phosphorus, overfishing, and the huge amount of water two nuclear power plants withdraw from its waters. However, it is also home to valuable habitats and rare species, including the Lake Sturgeon, one of the largest freshwater species in North America. Efforts are being made to preserve the aquatic life in the lake and increase research into controlling the water levels and quality.
Research
Research is regularly conducted in order to better understand the implications of the many activities in and around the lake. These include studies on fish populations, habitats, pollution, and climate change. Research is also aimed at understanding and managing water levels, as well as developing ways to minimize impacts and risks associated with activities such as boating and fishing.
Conclusion
In conclusion, Lake Huron is the impressive body of water that serves as a vital resource for many activities and industries. Its depth and size make it an essential part of the Great Lakes region, and its many benefits will continue to be enjoyed for generations to come.
