Types of Fish in Lake Michigan
Lake Michigan is one of the five Great Lakes and is renowned the world over for its diverse and abundant fish populations. Its waters are home to more than 80 different species of fish, including but not limited to King Salmon, Coho Salmon, Lake Trout, Great Lakes Muskellunge, Brown Trout and Yellow Perch. Each of these species bring their own set of requirements when it comes to choosing where to fish on lake Michigan, making it important to gain an understanding of the dynamics of each before planning a fishing expedition.
Where to Find Salmon
Lake Michigan’s salmon population is divided into two species, King and Coho Salmon. With King Salmon being more abundant, they can be found in greater numbers in deeper, colder waters along the Michigan coast, often during July and August when the water temperatures are at their warmest. The Coho Salmon, on the other hand, can typically be found near shorelines and marshy bays as they prefer shallower, warmer waters, and are primarily caught during the spring months.
Where to Find Trout
The lake is also home to Lake Trout, or ‘Mackinaw’. These powerful predators can been found in deeper, colder waters at depths often exceeding 50 feet, where they feast on their favorite meals of ciscos and other native fish. These fish are most prolific from May through to August when the water temperatures are at their higher levels, as well as in the winter months when the fish feed on smelt.
Where to Find Muskellunge
Muskellunge, or ‘musky’ for short, are the apex predator of the lake and are known for their tenacious hunting methods. These fish can be found throughout the entire lake, but are most predominant and successful in the shallow, weedy bays where they can easily ambush their prey. The best musky fishing is typically found in the months of May, June and July when the water temperature and weed growth are at their peak.
Where to Find Yellow Perch
The Yellow Perch is one of the most sought after species by anglers in Lake Michigan. These fish are found in nearly all parts of the lake, but prefer to feed in shallow, sandy or gravel bottoms close to shorelines. Sporting an eye-catching yellow stripe down their lateral line, they can be targetted all year round, but the best catches are typically found during the spring and summer months when the water temperatures are at their highest.
Equipment for Lake Michigan Fishing
Knowing where to fish on Lake Michigan is just half the battle, as having the correct equipment is just as important. Having the correct gear is key to success, as fishing on the lake often requires the use of heavier lures than would normally be used in rivers and streams. A good selection of trolling lures, including spoons, crankbaits, swimbaits, inline spinners and jigs are a must, as well as reels and lines suitable for trolling.
Boats for Lake Michigan Fishing
For serious anglers, having a suitable boat is essential in order to venture out into the deeper waters where many of the lake’s bigger fish are found. On Lake Michigan, boats smaller than 16 feet are often used to fish the shallow waters, while boats 16 feet or bigger are typically used for venturing out into the depths. Many boats today are also equipped with electronic navigation, fish-finders and down-riggers, all of which are essential when planning a fishing trip.
Lake Michigan Fishing Regulations
It is important to be aware of the various regulations and restrictions that are set in place when fishing on Lake Michigan. This can include a variety of regulations such as size limits, bag limits, season and area closures, as well as specific baits and lures that can be used. Being aware of these regulations is key, as violations can result in hefty fines and confiscation of fishing gear.
Safety for Lake Michigan Fishing
Safety should be at the forefront of any fishing expedition, and Lake Michigan is unfortunately no exception. With unpredictable weather, waves and currents that can quickly turn dangerous, it is important to ensure that everyone on board is properly equipped with all necessary safety gear, and always has an eye out for potential hazards.
Right of Way on Lake Michigan
On Lake Michigan, there are laws in place which dictate the right of way when boating and fishing. Generally speaking, smaller vessels such as canoes and kayaks have the right of way, while larger vessels such as power boats typically have the responsibility of avoidance. Understanding these laws is key in order to ensure a safe and enjoyable experience on the lake.
Choosing the Best Times to Fish on Lake Michigan
Timing is everything when it comes to fishing on Lake Michigan, as the best fishing can often be found during certain times of the year. Typically, the spring months of April through June and the fall months of September through October are considered the most productive fishing times, as this is when water temperatures are at their highest, and the fish are actively feeding and spawning.
Fishing Techniques on Lake Michigan
Once armed with the knowledge of the lake’s fish and regulations, the next step is to develop the technique of being successful on the lake. Different species require different lures, rigs and methods, and the key to success is often trying a variety of these and adopting the one that works best. Popular techniques on the lake include trolling, jigging, bottom bouncing, drift fishing and live bait.
Fishing Tackle for Lake Michigan
Once technique is developed, the next step is to choose the correct tackle. Lake Michigan’s waters are often home to larger, more powerful creatures, so heavier tackle is often necessary in order to have success. A good selection of rods, reels, lines and lures such as plugs, crankbaits and jigs, suited to the species being targeted, is essential for maximizing success on the lake.
Choosing the Right Bait for Lake Michigan
Choosing the right bait is often the difference between a good or bad day of fishing on Lake Michigan. Live bait such as minnows, nightcrawlers, alewives and leeches are often preferred by fish in the lake, but artificial baits such as spoons, jig heads and plastic worms also often provide good results. It is often important to try different baits, to find the one thatthe fish are more likely to bite on.
Cleaning and Cooking Your Catch on Lake Michigan
Once successful on the lake, anglers then have the task of cleaning and cooking their catch. If intending to eat the fish, it is important to abide by the regulations set in place, and to make sure the fish is properly cleaned and cooked before consumption. It is also a good idea to make sure to have the correct tools and equipment for cleaning and cooking the catch, such as a fillet knife and a portable fire pit or stove.
