Introduction
Lake Superior is the largest lake in the United States and the world’s largest freshwater lake by area. At its widest point, it spans more than 160 miles, making it an impressive destination for boaters and nature lovers alike. One of the key questions many ask when planning a visit is – are there any cliffs on Lake Superior? In this article, we will explore this topic in greater detail and examine what platforms, formations and other geological features can be found along its shoreline.
What Are Cliffs?
First of all, let’s define a cliff. A cliff is an abrupt drop off in the level of land or an escarpment. They can range from several feet high to hundreds of feet in height, formed naturally by wind and water erosion, or artificially by humankind. Cliffs are often composed of sedimentary, igneous or metamorphic rocks, and there are many different types including limestone, sandstone, and shale.
Are There Any Cliffs On Lake Superior?
The short answer is yes – there are some stunning cliffs on Lake Superior’s shoreline. However, the more accurate answer is that it depends on the definition of a “cliff.” There are many cliffs in the area, ranging in height from several feet to hundreds of feet. One of the most iconic is the Sibley Cliffs, which stretches along the south shore of Lake Superior and stands nearly 300 feet high in places.
But, while Lake Superior has some impressive formations and steep drop-offs, there are relatively few what could be classified as “true” cliffs. The majority of the formations are composed of sedimentary rocks and earth, which is typical of many of the Great Lakes, due to their rocky history. This means there is often no singular edge that looks like a cliff, and in general, there are more sloping backdrops and rugged hills than straight cliffs.
Reasons for Few Cliffs
The reason for this lack of cliffs on Lake Superior is due to its history and geography. As the lake was formed about 10,000 years ago, it was left with a deep basin filled with sedimentary rocks. These rocks were first eroded by the forces of water and wind, which produced mostly shallow edges and small rocky drop-offs.
In addition, much of the shoreline is relatively flat and wide due to the glaciation and retreat of the Laurentide Ice Sheet, which created the well-known depression known as Lake Superior. Finally, the majority of the tributaries flowing into Lake Superior enter at a much lower level than the surrounding area, which causes the shoreline to rise abruptly at times, creating the sloped formations we see today.
Other Unique Geological Features
Despite the lack of cliffs, Lake Superior is still home to some impressive geological features. From the Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore, to the Colorado Sandstone formations along the Apostle Islands, there is an abundance of awe-inspiring formations to explore.
The lake bed is also home to some fascinating geologic features including a wide variety of fossils, chimney-like rock columns, and deep, water-filled vertical crevasses. And don’t forget the numerous islands strewn across the lake, each with its own unique geography and topography.
Final Thoughts
Despite the fact that there are relatively few “true” cliffs on Lake Superior, it still has plenty of other breathtaking geological features to enjoy. From rugged hillsides to unique sandstone formations, there is something for everyone to explore at this Great Lake. With over 160 miles of shoreline to explore, Lake Superior is still an impressive destination for boaters, nature lovers, and geologists alike.
Creeks And Rivers
Lake Superior has over 200 Creeks and Rivers that flow feed into and out of the lake. Creeks like the Dead River and Saint Louis River have lent their names to places in the region. These creeks and rivers have been an important source of food, transport, and most recently recreation.
The rivers and creeks often flow through densely forested areas, giving visitors the rare chance to explore and experience the diverse flora and fauna of the region. Some of these rivers or creeks will feature incredibly clear waters due to the slow flow, and shallower depths that allow the sunlight to penetrate further down.
Anglers know their trajectories and have various spots along the routes where they can catch fish. Also, kayakers come to the area and enjoy the immaculate nature and some that bring their boats and motor through the waters to explore the region.
Natural Phenomena
The lake is surrounded by many natural phenomena that happen both around the lake and within the lake. The lake is known for its spectacular sunsets and sunrise, and also for its powerful waves due to strong wind from the west or the east.
There are also natural hot springs occurring near the lake, like Wisconsin’s very own Copper Falls State Park. Some of these hot springs are known to have healing and therapeutic qualities.
Moreover, some rare and beautiful species of birds take flight in the sky above the lake. The great grey owl, the Eastern Whip-poor-will, the Common Loon and the Bald Eagle are just some of the species of bird sightings on and around the lake.
Native American Culture
A lot of the history related to the lake traces back to native tribes, as they were the first people to inhabit the area. They still have a significant presence in the region, and each of the tribes has a unique mythology and story told by the elders.
Some of the tribes are the Anishinaabeg which are further subdivided into the many Ojibwe and Potawatomi tribes which still make their home near the lake. The Ojibwe tribe call the lake Gichigami, which means “big water”, emphasizing how special the lake is to them.
These tribes have some of the oldest spiritual traditions, such as the Durga — a traditional rite that keeps entering the spirit world to heal the body and soul. The tribe also incorporates wild berries and herbs in their rituals and healing practices.
Activities Around The Lake
Aside from fishing, fishing and paddling, there is an abundance of other activities that can be had around the lake. There are numerous trails available for hikers and bicycle enthusiasts as well as camping spots and private beaches to relax. Additionally, there is Antique Archaeological Preserve, which is located on Bete Grise Bay and provides a unique opportunity to explore and experience what the land looked like before humans came to the region.
Another common activity is rock collecting. Gneiss, basalt, and slate are just some of the types of rocks that can be found in abundance around the lake. Hunting and tracking is also popular amongst the local communities, so those looking to experience a more physical nature should consider these types of activities.
Finally, the lake is renowned for its abundance of freshwater fish such as walleye, trout, pike, and even sturgeon. Anglers can spend hours fishing, but need to remember that the lake has specific fishing regulations so one should research before embarking on a fishing trip.
Conclusion
Lake Superior has much to offer those seeking adventure or a peaceful getaway. While there may be few “true” cliffs on the lake’s shoreline, it still has a variety of stunning geological features, from sandstone formations and steep drop-offs to notable creeks and rivers. Adventurers have a wealth of activities to explore and experience, from kayaking and canoeing to hunting and tracking. It is sure to provide an unforgettable experience, whether one is looking for relaxation or excitement.
