{"id":9107,"date":"2023-11-22T06:15:05","date_gmt":"2023-11-22T05:15:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lakebeyond.com\/?p=9107"},"modified":"2023-11-22T06:15:05","modified_gmt":"2023-11-22T05:15:05","slug":"what-does-the-bottom-of-lake-superior-look-like","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lakebeyond.com\/what-does-the-bottom-of-lake-superior-look-like\/","title":{"rendered":"What Does The Bottom Of Lake Superior Look Like"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Changing Climate <\/h2>\n

The bottom of Lake Superior, the largest, deepest and coldest of the Great Lakes, is home to an environment of shifting mineral concentrations, shifting temperatures and changing aquatic life. As climate change brings higher temperatures, more rain and new shorelines, the bottom of the lake evolves constantly.
\nThe lake’s depth varies from 120 to 483 feet and the temperature varies depending on location and time of year. Warmer temperatures at the surface layers cause inert, energy-poor bottom waters to mix with cooler waters in the top. This mixing creates a stratified lake, with distinct layers that vary in temperature, salinity and nutrient content.
\nOver the last century, Lake Superior and many of the Great Lakes have seen dramatic changes due to human activity, with increased runoff from agriculture and increased industrial activity leading to more pollutants. As global temperatures rise, more fresh water from higher precipitation and increasing water temperatures further disrupt the environment.
\nThese changes impact the lake lake’s bottom, which is home to a range of species, including gamefish, mollusks, crustaceans, amphibians and insects. These aquatic creatures thrive in unique conditions, such as salinity, water temperature and nutrient concentrations, which are all influenced by climate change.
\nThe number of invasive species has increased as well, impacting native species’ ability to survive and compete for food. For example, round goby, an invasive species from Europe, have become the most common fish in Lake Superior, out-competing native species. <\/p>\n

Economic Impact <\/h2>\n

The health of the bottom of Lake Superior contributes to the health of the region’s economy. Its fisheries, shipping lanes, recreational opportunities and resources have made the Great Lakes region a hub for commerce and travel. The direct economic impacts of aquaculture, fisheries, and sport and recreational fishing are estimated to make up most of the region’s directly linked economic activity.
\nThe health of Lake Superior is highly connected to the health of the other Great Lakes and the region as a whole. Any changes to the lake’s health, whether caused by climate change or the spread of invasive species, can have economic repercussions.
\nMichigan State University’s Water Resources Institute estimates that more than 60 percent of precipitation from the eastern basin of Lake Superior drains to the other Great Lakes. Changes in the lake’s bottom, caused by a variety of factors, can cascade from Lake Superior to other lakes downstream.
\nIncreased runoff from agriculture and construction, for example, can lead to aquatic weed control problems, decrease water clarity and contaminate fishing spots. These changes can lead to economic losses in areas where recreational fishing and tourism are central to the economy. <\/p>\n

Water Quality <\/h2>\n

The water quality of Lake Superior has always been higher than in other Great Lakes, due to its large size and northern location. But recent changes pose some challenges. Nutrient-rich waters from increased runoff from agricultural land and the construction of dams are among the sources of water pollution, causing the growth of cyanobacteria and the resulting increase in harmful algal blooms.
\nExcess nutrients further disrupt the lake’s ecosystem, causing changes in water quality, acidification and impacts on aquatic life such as fish. These changes also have implications for human health and safety, as the contaminated water creates a risk of exposure to harmful algal toxins.
\nLake Superior’s vulnerable shorelines are especially affected. As waters rise, pollutants concentrate on coastal lands, affecting the quality of drinking water and leading to increased erosion and flooding.<\/p>\n

Mitigating the Effects <\/h2>\n

The federal government and states throughout the region are taking steps to monitor the changing aquatic environment and identify solutions to mitigate the effects of climate change.
\nGreat Lakes states have adopted laws and policies addressing water quality, biodiversity and ecosystem health. These measures have helped ensure that communities along the shorelines of Lake Superior have access to clean water and an environment conducive to recreational activities.
\nIn addition, efforts by both government and non-profit organizations are being made to reduce the impact of development and runoff from agricultural lands. Innovative practices, such as conservation tillage, reducing fertilizer use, and increasing wetland and riparian habitat, are having positive impacts on water quality and other aquatic ecosystems.<\/p>\n

Future Outlook <\/h2>\n