{"id":8383,"date":"2023-10-30T00:25:17","date_gmt":"2023-10-29T23:25:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lakebeyond.com\/?p=8383"},"modified":"2023-10-30T00:25:17","modified_gmt":"2023-10-29T23:25:17","slug":"who-owns-lake-malawi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lakebeyond.com\/who-owns-lake-malawi\/","title":{"rendered":"Who Owns Lake Malawi"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Lake Malawi is located in the southeast African Great Rift Valley, and it is the second deepest lake in Africa and the ninth largest in the world. It is home to more species of fish than any other freshwater lake in the planet, some of which are only found in this lake. It is also an important resource for those living around its shores and out of the 8 million people that depend on the lake for their livelihood, 80% are subsistence fishers. As such, it is essential to know who owns such a valuable body of water.<\/p>\n

The plain answer to this question is that Lake Malawi is owned by the countries that border it, specifically Malawi, Mozambique, and Tanzania; international law states that a country may exercise jurisdiction up to 12 miles beyond its territorial boundary, thus the countries have exclusive control over the entire lake and the resources it contains. This has been in effect since the Heligoland–Zanzibar Treaty of 1890.<\/p>\n

However, this is not the whole story as an expansive area beyond the 12-mile limit is also affected by the lake’s activities. The network of complex transboundary resources, such as the now-threatened species of fish and the diverse communities that rely on the lake, are a cause of concern for authorities. Economist and researcher Terry Ma calls this the “spill-over effect”, where the proficiencies and effects of one nation reach out beyond their borders and affect those of others.<\/p>\n

The catch is that both international laws and the countries’ own legal frameworks are merely declarations on paper. Due to a lack of resources and unable to enforce them, the governments are unable to keep all illegal activities in check. According to Themistocles Zamir, president of the Mozambique chapter of the World Association of Fisheries, overfishing from trawlers from Tanzania, Kenya and China is putting the lake’s fragile ecosystem and species at risk. As a result, locals are increasingly unable to find food in the lake and are forced to live on other resources, mostly outside the country.<\/p>\n